What are the two components of return on an investment?

The correct choice is based on the fundamental understanding of how investments generate returns. The two primary components of return on an investment are yield and capital gain or loss.

Yield refers to the income generated from an investment, such as dividends from stocks or interest from bonds. It represents the immediate cash flow that the investor receives as a percentage of the investment's cost.

On the other hand, capital gain or loss occurs when the value of the investment changes over time. A capital gain arises when the investment is sold for more than its purchase price, while a capital loss occurs when it is sold for less. Together, these two components—yield and capital gains or losses—comprise the total return on an investment, reflecting both ongoing income and changes in value.

This understanding is key for investors who want to evaluate the performance of their investments comprehensively.